The Ortho Home Gardener's Problem Solver



Symphylans

Description
Symphylans are small (up to ¼ inch), pure white, soft-bodied animals with 12 pairs of legs. They are often called garden centipedes because of their similarity to centipedes (see Centipedes). The tiny animals are very active in damp soil, outside in warm climates or in greenhouses everywhere. They feed on many vegetables, fruits, and flowers, attacking germinating seeds, plant root systems, and aboveground parts in contact with the soil. Small plants may die or be severely stunted. Larger, more mature plants can usually withstand a symphylan infestation. When the weather warms in the spring, symphylans migrate up to the top 6 inches of soil where they usually remain feeding throughout the summer. In late fall, they move deeper in the soil to more protected sites. Symphylans are often found in large numbers in localized areas, marked by a group of stunted plants. Sifting through a shovelful of soil from the site will confirm their presence.

Control
Drenching the soil with an insecticide containing malathion may reduce injury to plants. Diazinon granules mixed into the top 4 to 8 inches of soil before planting may allow vegetable plants to establish a good root system and become resistant to damage by symphylans. Seeds and plants must be set immediately after treatment. An insecticide containing lindane can be used for nonfood crops. Thorough discing or tilling of the soil before planting will scatter and destroy many symphylans, which gives plants time to grow before the symphylan population builds up again.



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